Yked lichtenbkrg ahd michael jl mccabthy



UNITED s'rA'rEs PATENT OFFICE.

' BUILDING consirnuc'rlol.

specimen of named uam rama. Reiggued-Aug. 29, 1922.

origina In. 1,a4s,o1s, aata :my a7, 1920, semi lo. 330,161, mea oetber 1s, 1919. applicati 1 reisllle lled April $2, 1921. Serial llo. 463,613.

To all 'wlwm 'it may concern.'

lBe it known that we, Fm Lien-ram and MICHAEL M. MoCAlrrHY, citizens of the United States, and residents of Yonkers, in the county of Westchester and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Building Construction, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to an improved building construction and to an improved structural unit by the use of which said construction can be produced in the forms of exterior and interior walls, ceilings, roofs and the like.

One object of the invention is 'a strong monolithic wall, ceiling or roof structure adapted to be built rapidly and at a low cost both as to labor and materials.

A further object of the invention is to produce a structure such as last referred to which is substantially air and moisture tight.

With the above ends in view, other objects of the invention are: (1) To provide structural units or slabs having embedded reinorcing means projecting from their edges and made of cementflike material having physicalY characteristi adapting it to be penetrated without. injury by nails or the a reinforced,

ap r 1 is a view in side elevation illuslike for securing the units to a support frame and adapted', whenl the joints between the indivldual slabs are pointed up with plastic cement-like material, to form monolithic structure, and (2) to y rovide such a structural unit with a bac of paper or the like which is substanti y impervious to air and mo" and which projects beyond the of the units so as to underhe the projecting re-v inforcing means and form a base or backing Yfor the plastic cement applied to form the 'jointsfor' bonds between the units.

' In addition to the foregoin this invention comprehends improvements in the de.

tails of construction and arrangement of parts, to be hereinafter described and par- -ticularly set forth in the appended claims. lIn the accompanying drawings in which similar and corresponding parts are designated byV the s ame characters Yof reference throughout the several views in 'which they tratin a wall in process of construction in accor ance with our invention. y

Fig. 2 isa dtail view on an enlarged scale to provide illustrating the mannerin which the rein# forcement of the slabs and joints is formed, some of the bonding cement being omittedv to better disclose the reinforcing means, and

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken on the line 3-3 -of the preceding iigure.

With reference to the drawings, 10 indicatesV a slab, the same being preferablyI oblon conii ration 'and consisting of a materlal which 1s plastic when'wet and hard when dry. The composition of the material may be that of any of several cement-like materials which areknown to have the above-mentioned physical quality permitting the piercing of the materials by nails or the like Without cracking or breaking and which for convenience we will refer to as elasticity. Included among these known materials are the .compositions of Oxy-chloride cement with suitable filling agents or ag egates,

`comprising sand, gravel and the ike and usually some compressible material such as sabemos, wood fibre, or thev like. Such oxychloride cement compositions, commonly known as Sorel cement are familiar to those skilled in the art and need not be described A in detail asV our invention is not dependent on any specific composition. Extending throughout the mass of therslabvis a reinforcement of wire fabric which may be .relatively coarse, and consists, of the vertical strands 11 and the horizontall strands 12. The verticalstrands are arranged in pairs and formed with loops 13 at their end s, while the strands 12 are separate and independent and project beyond thevvertical ends of the slab a's shown in Fig. 2. Applied to the rearfface of the slab 10 Ais a layer of tar paper 14er the like the edges of the paper extending beyond the edges of the slab as shown at 15. Y

In use, the slabs are a plied to the studs 16 by means of nails 1 the latter being driven right through the material of the slabs, and into the' studs., the nature of the material employed in forming the slabs be` ing such as to stand the insertionof the .penetrative elements without breaking or cracking. The slabs arearranged in such a manner as to break the ionts as shown in 1 and where adjacent ends of slabsV are applied to a stud, nails are driven through the ends of both slabs into the same stud. It will be noted that the slabs are in spaced relation owing lto the projecting and it also will be noted that the slabs are arranged relatively so that the loops 13 at the upper and lower edges of the slab yWill be in relativel overlapped or staggered re lation. It wil also be noted that at the vertical edges of the slabs the projecting ends of the horizontal elements 12 are likewise arranged in overlapped or staggered relation. The spaces between the slabs are then filled by means of a suitable binding agent such as mortar as indicated at 18. It will be noted that the projecting edges 15 of the tar paper sections 14 are disposed in overlapping relation thus covering the joints between the slabs, and forming on the inner side a base upon which the mortar joint 18, may be applied. It will be obvious that if the inneri surface of the slabs is to be plastered that the tar paper will form a base upon which the plaster may be a plied, and that the outer surface of thewa l of joined `slabs can have a finish coat applied to it,

such as plaster in the case of interior walls or ceilings and stucco in the case of exterior walls.

Thus it will be seen that we have provided anovel form of building construction in which the material employed is easily transportable, and which maybe cheaply and quickly constructed, and which is at the same time durable and easily applied. It will be apparent that the provision of the tar paper renders the material air tight and damp proof, the overlapping edges of the paper protecting the joint between the Y slabs. The relation of the reinforcing elelas ments in the manner i'n which they are projected beyond the edges of the slabs enables a perfect bond to be formed between the slabs making the wall practically a mono--y lithic construction. Other uses and advantages will readily occur to those skilled in the art to which this invention appertains.

"While we have illustrated and described our invention with some degree of particularity we realize that in practice/various alterations therein ma be made.- We therefore reserve the right and privilege of changing the form of the details of oonstruction or otherwise altering the arrangement of the correlated parts Without departing from the spirit of the invention or the scripe of the appended claims.

. aving thus described our invention, what We claim as new and desire to ,secure by United States Letters Patent is:

1. A wall construction comprising vertical spaced studding, a plurality of slabs of elastic material nalled to said studding in broken joint formation with the edges of the slabs in spaced relation, each slab having a reinforcingelement molded therein in a form of a sheet of woven wire fabric the edges of which extend beyond the edges of tiallyrair and moisture ti cent slabs and the projecting ends of the hori.

zontal strands of the adjacent slabs arranged in overlapping relation to each other, a covering of tar paper upon the inner face of each slab said paperV projecting beyond the edges of each slab to a distance corresponding to the extent of projection of the reinforcing element thereof whereby said paper edges of adjacent slabs may be overlapped, and a bond of cement-like material filled in between the slabs.

2. In a building structure, the combination of a frame made of material adapted to be penetrated by nails or the like, slabs of elastic cement-like material secured to said frame by nails ory y the like driven through the elastic material of the slabs into the frame, -said slabs having reinforcing from their edges, backing sheets on the inner sides of the slabs and projecting from the edges thereof in overlapping relation, and bonded joints between the adjacent slabs -formed of cement-like material surroundin the projecting reinforcing means and baced by the overlapping edges .of the backing sheets.

3 In a buildingv structure, the combination of a frame made of material adapted to be penetrated by nails or the like, slabs of elastic cement-like material secured to said vframe by nails or the like driven through the elastic material of the slabs in,- to the frame, said slabs having reinforcing means embedded therein and projecting from their edges, backing sheets of substanht paper on the inner sides of the slabs and projecting from the edges thereof in overlappingrelation, and bonded joints between the adjacent slabs formed of cement-like material surroundin the projectin reinforcing means and bac ed by theoverla backing sheets. f

14. A building unit comprising a slab formed of cement-like material, metallic reinforcin means embedded therein and projectin of bac ing material on one side of said slab and projecting from the edges thereof to form a backing for plastic material applied to the projecting reinforcing means, 'said backing sheet belng thin in relation to the thickness of the slab and adapted to overlie the projecting part of'a corres onding 4backing sheet of an adjacent slab vw en said slabs are assembled to form a wall or the like.

5. A building unit` comprising a slab formed ofcement-like material, metallic rerom the edges thereof, and a sheet' pping edges of the inforcinu means embedded therein and pro-V jecting from the edges thereof, and a sheet of backing material substantially impervious to air and moisture on one side of said slab and projecting from the edges thereof toform a backing for plastic material applied to the proJecting reinforcing means, said backing sheet being thin in relation to the thickness of the slab and adapted to overlie the projecting part of a corresponding backing sheet of an adjacent slab when said slabs areassembled to form a. wall or p the like.

6. yA building unit comprising n. slab formed of cement-like materlal, metallic reinforcing means embedded in the' slab and projecting from its edges between the inner and outer sides thereof, and a sheet of backing material on one side of said slab and projecting-from the edges thereof to form a backing for plastic material applied to the projecting reinforcing means.

In testimony whereof, We hereunto aiix our signatures.

FxtED LICHTENBERG. MICHAEL M. McCARTI-I-Y 

